A Better Way to Identify HLH in Patients with Cancer

An improved index for diagnosis and mortality prediction in malignancy-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Zoref-Lorenz A, Murakami J, Hofstetter L, et al. Blood. 2022;139(7):1098-1110. doi:10.1182/blood.2021012764

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a hyperinflammatory syndrome for which hematologic malignancy (HM) is a common and deadly trigger. Zoref-Lorenz et al. studied 225 adult patients with HM with and without HLH by the HLH-2004 criteria. They report that combined elevation of soluble CD25 and ferritin at optimized cutoff values defines an optimized HLH inflammatory (OHI) index that accurately identifies patients fulfilling HLH criteria; Furthermore, more importantly, it also predicts high mortality risk whether or not patients fulfill HLH criteria.

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